Each night (or lunar day) is called po. In Hawaiʻi each po has its own name.

Grouped by anahulu, the names of each po are:

 

Hoʻonui

  • Hilo (First Night)

  • Hoaka

  • Kukahi

  • Kulua

  • Kukolu

  • Kupau

  • ʻOlekukahi

  • ʻOlekulua (1st Quarter)

  • ʻOlekukolu

  • ʻOlepau


Poepoe

  • Huna

  • Mohala

  • Hua

  • Akua

  • Hoku (Fullest Moon)

  • Mahealani

  • Kulu

  • Laʻaukukahi

  • Laʻaukulua

  • Laʻaupau

Hoʻemi

  • ʻOlekukahi

  • ʻOlekulua

  • ʻOlepau (3rd Quarter)

  • Kaloakukahi

  • Kaloakulua

  • Kaloapau

  • Kane

  • Lono

  • Mauli

  • Muku (New Moon)


There is a disagreement among Hawaiian scholars on when a pō or each 24-hour lunar day/night begins –– at sunrise, sunset, midnight, or moonrise.

For the app, we used sunset as our fixed time to determine each pō.

There are four different groupings of consecutive nights that are interrelated, potentially, in their energy, function, and application. These nights are Ku, ʻOle, Laʻau, and Kaloa.

  • KU Moons - These are the first, second, third and fourth nights of Ku. The Kapu period of Ku ends with the ‘First Ku’. Many farmers believe this to be a good time to plant ‘uala (sweet potato) and kalo (taro), as they will grow ‘upright’ or ‘erect’ (ku) in the lepo (soil). This is a good fishing period but ocean currents will soon change. The Moon rises in the mid morning and is not visible until the sun sets and the moon is in the Western sky. Tides run relatively high in the early morning with a low tide occurring during mid day.

  • ʻOLE Moons
    Again we enter a series of three unproductive ('Ole) nights. During this time people avoided planting and fishing, though farmers would weed and otherwise tidy up. The final day belonged to the Gods Kaloa and Kanaloa and people offered prayers to these Gods on this day. "lower high tide mid morning and and a low tide at midday.

  • LAʻAU Moons
    The Hawaiian word La'au means just about any type of vegetation, trees, etc. Thus these three nights were associated with trees and plants. Planting of certain types of fruit were discouraged during this period because they would be woody instead of tender, though other types of plantings could occur. This period was also an important time for the healers to go out and locate herbs for medicines. Low tides occur mid day and late night with a high tide in the early evening and very early morning.

  • KALOA Moons
    The 24th through 26th lunar phase mark the three nights of Kaloa. The first night of Kaloa continues the worship of Kanaloa from the previous 'Ole Pau night. Planting of long stemed plants as well as vines are encouraged and fishing is good through these three days, especially shellfish.

The natural interplay between male and female is mirrored in the dance between la, the sun, and mahina, the moon. The moon has no light. The changing shadow of each po is created by reflected sunlight in relation to moon’s orbit around the Earth, and the Earth’s orbit around the sun.